Extreme-precision radial velocity (RV) instruments (e.g., ESPRESSO), offering 10 cm s$^{–1}$ stability, and space telescopes (e.g., JWST), attaining relative flux uncertainties of 10 ppm, are becoming a reality. Such precision is, in principle, sufficient to enable the discovery and characterisation of small rocky planets, including true Earth analogues. However, the intrinsic variability of...
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are massive eruptions of supersonic magnetized plasma from stellar atmospheres. They create adverse space weather conditions around (exo)planets and can significantly perturb their environment. We investigate how varying ICME characteristics — such as speed, orientation, and magnetic field strength — affect the global dynamics, atmospheric mass loss rates and...
Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) erupting from the host star are expected to have enormous effects on the atmospheric erosion processes of the orbiting planets. For planets with a magnetosphere, the embedded magnetic field in the CMEs is thought to be the most important parameter to affect planetary mass loss. In this work, we investigate the effect of different magnetic field structures of...
